{
  "schema": "vedokrok.public-item.v1",
  "release_id": "MHC-RPUB-20260920-75ad787a",
  "url": "/knowledge/ask-what-would-make-the-claim-false",
  "id": "MHC-D-RESEARCH-0756",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "title": "Ask what would make the claim false",
  "summary": "A useful claim needs a failure condition, not just more applause.",
  "kind": "question",
  "body": "Ask for exceptions and disconfirming cases: when does this not happen, who behaves differently, what condition breaks the pattern, or what observation would change the person's conclusion? This often reveals hidden scope and boundary conditions.",
  "limits": [
    "Failure to recall a counterexample is not proof that none exists."
  ],
  "topics": [
    "union-question-design-and-evidence-elicitation"
  ],
  "intents": [],
  "source_ids": [
    "RS-8C87115E8FFA48A7",
    "RS-49C81944D7E6105A"
  ],
  "evidence": [
    {
      "claim": "GOV.UK interview guidance recommends open, neutral questions, asking for real stories and examples, listening carefully, and using follow-ups when meaning is unclear.",
      "source_id": "RS-8C87115E8FFA48A7",
      "role": "supports",
      "note": "Neutral wording reduces one source of bias but does not make interview evidence objective or representative by itself.",
      "locator": "Do the interview"
    },
    {
      "claim": "GOV.UK planning guidance recommends clear, actionable research objectives linked to assumptions and information needed for upcoming decisions.",
      "source_id": "RS-49C81944D7E6105A",
      "role": "supports",
      "note": "Some exploratory work legitimately starts without a single immediate decision.",
      "locator": "Research objectives and assumptions"
    }
  ],
  "use_when": [
    "A statement is broad, confident and supported only by confirming examples."
  ],
  "avoid_when": [
    "Failure to recall a counterexample is not proof that none exists."
  ],
  "example": "'Customers never use advanced filters' becomes a segmented claim after finding one team that uses them every morning for reconciliation.",
  "check": "The statement has a narrower scope, an exception, or a clearly stated absence of known counterexamples.",
  "question": "When does this not happen? · What is the strongest counterexample you remember? · What observation would make you revise this conclusion?",
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "RS-8C87115E8FFA48A7",
      "title": "Using in-depth interviews",
      "url": "https://www.gov.uk/service-manual/user-research/using-in-depth-interviews"
    },
    {
      "id": "RS-49C81944D7E6105A",
      "title": "Plan a round of user research",
      "url": "https://www.gov.uk/service-manual/user-research/plan-round-of-user-research"
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "from": "MHC-D-RESEARCH-0756",
      "to": "MHC-D-RESEARCH-0757",
      "type": "useful_with",
      "url": "/knowledge/separate-what-happened-what-it-meant-and-what-should-change"
    }
  ],
  "collections": [
    {
      "id": "RC-F3F88D2D9DC3D150",
      "title": "Ask questions that produce usable evidence instead of polished generalities",
      "url": "/collections/ask-questions-that-produce-usable-evidence-instead-of-polished-generalities"
    }
  ]
}