{
  "schema": "vedokrok.public-item.v1",
  "release_id": "MHC-RPUB-20260920-75ad787a",
  "url": "/knowledge/ask-an-open-question-before-assuming-the-other-side-s-constraint",
  "id": "MHC-D-RESEARCH-1032",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "title": "Ask an open question before assuming the other side's constraint",
  "summary": "Learn something before polishing the next argument.",
  "kind": "protocol",
  "body": "An open question invites an explanation rather than a yes or no. In integrative-negotiation experiments, such questions helped reveal information and improve outcomes. Use the answer to discover constraints or priorities; do not turn the conversation into an interrogation.",
  "limits": [
    "People may decline to disclose information. Results from negotiation tasks do not guarantee success in every conversation; urgent choices may need direct closed questions."
  ],
  "topics": [
    "life-02-relationships"
  ],
  "intents": [],
  "source_ids": [
    "RS-9A4037D10E21E22D"
  ],
  "evidence": [
    {
      "claim": "In two integrative-negotiation experiments, preparing or asking open-ended questions improved personal gains compared with the specified alternatives.",
      "source_id": "RS-9A4037D10E21E22D",
      "role": "supports",
      "note": "The tasks and comparisons were specific; closed questions remain necessary for confirmation and precise choices.",
      "locator": "Abstract"
    }
  ],
  "use_when": [
    "A discussion is stuck on competing demands."
  ],
  "avoid_when": [
    "People may decline to disclose information. Results from negotiation tasks do not guarantee success in every conversation; urgent choices may need direct closed questions."
  ],
  "example": "What makes that deadline important? may reveal an external dependency that a different delivery sequence could satisfy.",
  "check": "You can name a newly learned constraint or priority, not merely the number of questions asked.",
  "steps": [
    "Prepare a question about the need behind the request.",
    "Listen for information that changes the possible options.",
    "Use a closed question afterward when you need a precise confirmation."
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "RS-9A4037D10E21E22D",
      "title": "Asking Open-Ended Questions Promotes Personal Goal Attainment in Integrative Negotiations",
      "url": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/413792922_Asking_Open-Ended_Questions_Promotes_Personal_Goal_Attainment_in_Integrative_Negotiations"
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "from": "MHC-D-RESEARCH-1032",
      "to": "MHC-D-RESEARCH-1033",
      "type": "useful_with",
      "url": "/knowledge/get-their-perspective-before-trusting-your-imagined-version"
    }
  ],
  "collections": [
    {
      "id": "RC-41F92313DB3A16E8",
      "title": "Connect, cooperate and disagree without guessing minds",
      "url": "/collections/connect-cooperate-and-disagree-without-guessing-minds"
    }
  ]
}