{
  "schema": "vedokrok.public-item.v1",
  "release_id": "MHC-RPUB-20260920-75ad787a",
  "url": "/knowledge/keep-one-spontaneous-speaking-sample-every-cycle",
  "id": "MHC-D-RESEARCH-1139",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "title": "Keep one spontaneous speaking sample every cycle",
  "summary": "Controlled exercises can improve while the real performance stays still.",
  "kind": "protocol",
  "body": "At the start and end of a practice cycle, record the same type of uncoached speaking sample under comparable conditions. Use a new prompt, not a memorized script. Compare the target dimension from the cycle: retrieval pauses, discourse structure, recurring errors, comprehensibility or phrase range. Save the recordings so improvement is judged from behavior rather than mood.",
  "limits": [
    "A short recording is not a complete language exam. Use it as a repeated sample of a chosen capability."
  ],
  "topics": [
    "union-language-listening-speaking-and-pronunciation"
  ],
  "intents": [],
  "source_ids": [
    "RS-4A6F00BF230D460B",
    "RS-0E06A7D940CF2F2C"
  ],
  "evidence": [
    {
      "claim": "A 2025 systematic review suggests shadowing can improve comprehensibility, intelligibility, accentedness, fluency and some prosodic features, while evidence for segmental pronunciation is inconclusive and many studies rely on controlled tasks.",
      "source_id": "RS-4A6F00BF230D460B",
      "role": "supports",
      "note": "Shadowing performance should not be treated as evidence that the same gains transfer automatically to spontaneous speech.",
      "locator": "Abstract and discussion"
    },
    {
      "claim": "Repeating an oral task can improve aspects of L2 performance, but performance on a repeated task and transfer to a changed task are not the same outcome.",
      "source_id": "RS-0E06A7D940CF2F2C",
      "role": "supports",
      "note": "Repeated-task gains can partly reflect familiarity with content and planning.",
      "locator": "Meta-analysis results and moderators"
    }
  ],
  "use_when": [
    "Practice contains many drills but little evidence that unscripted speech is changing."
  ],
  "avoid_when": [
    "A short recording is not a complete language exam. Use it as a repeated sample of a chosen capability."
  ],
  "example": "Every two weeks, record a three-minute unscripted explanation of a new work problem and compare pause patterns and discourse organization.",
  "check": "Progress is visible in comparable spontaneous samples rather than only exercise scores.",
  "steps": [
    "Same task family and approximate duration.",
    "New prompt.",
    "No script or visible target phrases.",
    "One or two predefined measures.",
    "Delayed comparison after the practice cycle."
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "RS-4A6F00BF230D460B",
      "title": "A Systematic Review of Research on the use of Shadowing for Second Language Pronunciation Teaching",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/29984475.2025.2546827"
    },
    {
      "id": "RS-0E06A7D940CF2F2C",
      "title": "Meta-analysis of task repetition effects on second-language oral performance",
      "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0346251X25002787"
    }
  ],
  "relations": [],
  "collections": [
    {
      "id": "RC-53EDD1B028480924",
      "title": "Train listening, speaking and pronunciation for transfer",
      "url": "/collections/train-listening-speaking-and-pronunciation-for-transfer"
    }
  ]
}